Microcystis is a globally widespread species of cyanobacteria, and it is also the most common major species of cyanobacteria blooms in eutrophic water bodies in China. Microcystis blooms in wild water bodies appear as colonial, aggregates. Observations indicate that the formation, enlargement, and lasting maintenance of the morphology are one of the prerequisites for Microcystis to gain population advantage and then form blooms and maintain its advantage. Laboratory studies have shown that microcystis morphology has many competitive advantages. Recently, the Song Lirong Discipline Group of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has made new progress in the research on the morphological maintenance and competitive advantage of Microcystis. Feeding pressure, bacteria, and individual physical and chemical factors can promote the formation and enlargement of microcystis groups (aggregates), but it is not yet known how to maintain the group shape of microcystis after forming a group. The team of researchers found that the microcystins (MCs) released to the outside of the toxin-producing microcystin cells have the function of signaling substances during the growth process, which can activate some of the toxin-producing and non-toxin-producing microcystin cells The expression of genes related to polysaccharide synthesis induces the release of a series of extracellular polysaccharide products, which in turn promotes the aggregation of microcystis groups. More meaningfully, when the microcystin molecules released to the outside of the cell are promptly and continuously cleared, the size of the microcystin population will be significantly reduced. The study shows that microcystin has an important role in maintaining the microcystin population morphology, and reveals from a new perspective the mechanism by which microcystis blooms can continue to maintain population superiority. The research results have recently been published online in Environmental Microbiology, with Gan Nanqin researcher and doctoral student Xiao Yan as co-first authors. In the study of the microcystis group's competitive advantage, it was found that light can promote the increase of the size of the microcystis group. There are heterogeneities in the buoyancy adjustment of the two floating types of microcystis in response to light, and this heterogeneity It is related to the interaction of photosynthetic activity of microcystis, the content of pseudo empty cells and ballasts, and the size of the group; floating microcystis increases the size of the group to quickly sink to avoid the damage of high light intensity, but the increase of non-floating microcystis The population size quickly rises to the surface to reduce cell density. The results of the study indicate that the microcystis may be more adaptable to the changing external environment due to the existence of floating heterogeneity, and thus become a dominant population that is maintained for a long time. Related research results have been published in Hydrobiologia (Xiao Yan et al., 679: 297–311, 2012). In addition, with regard to the use of inorganic carbon by Microcystis, studies have found that at 25 ° C and 35 ° C, the population of Microcystis has significant inorganic carbon absorption advantages over single cells; however, at 15 ° C, the two phenotypes of Microcystis There is no significant difference in the absorption capacity of inorganic carbon. The whole-cell carbonic anhydrase assay showed that with the increase of the culture temperature, the activity of microcystis whole-cell carbonic anhydrase gradually increased; at the same culture temperature, there was no significant difference in the enzyme activity between the population and the single-cell microcystis. The expression of carbonic anhydrase genes (ecaA, ecaB, icfA) of Microcystis spp. Was significantly higher than that of single cells. The results of this study indicate that the high utilization of inorganic carbon by Microcystis may play a role in maintaining the blooms of different species of Microcystis. Related research results have been published in Hydrobiologia (Wu Xinghua et al., 675: 175–186, 2011). The above research was supported by the National "973" project, the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Key Fund, an important directional project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology. Paper Link 1 Paper Link 2 Paper Link 3
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